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  • MIT physicists discover electrons rebuilding like ice inside a quantum material
    MIT physicists found that two electronic phases inside the same quantum material emerge through surprisingly different mechanisms—one smoothly and the other in expanding pockets resembling growing ice crystals. The discovery could help explain how exotic properties such as superconductivity and magnetism develop and coexist.
  • Tiny quantum engines reveal useful energy hiding in “waste heat”
    A tiny machine made from just an atom and particles of light may sound impossibly simple, but it raises a surprisingly difficult question: what counts as heat, and what energy can still do useful work? University of Basel researchers have developed a theoretical framework that brings quantum physics and thermodynamics into better agreement for these […]
  • Tiny graphene wrinkles create surprisingly powerful electrical effects
    Scientists have discovered that tiny, sharply curved wrinkles in graphene can dramatically alter its electrical behavior, creating surprisingly strong charge separation. The finding suggests future electronics could be tuned by reshaping materials at the atomic scale instead of changing what they’re made of.
  • Ordinary WiFi can now identify you with near-perfect accuracy
    Ordinary WiFi networks could quietly become powerful surveillance tools, allowing people to be identified without cameras, special sensors, or even carrying a connected device. Researchers showed that unencrypted signals routinely exchanged between WiFi devices and routers can be used to create radio-based images of people and recognize them within seconds. In tests involving 197 participants, […]
  • Chemists set electrons free and break a decades-old chemistry barrier
    Chemists have developed a catalyst that breaks a long-standing rule governing which molecules receive electrons during chemical reactions. By releasing electrons directly into solution, the technique could unlock reactions—and potentially useful new molecules—that were previously out of reach.
  • Scientists just 3D printed one of the hardest metals on Earth
    A new 3D printing technique can produce exceptionally hard tungsten carbide cobalt while using less of its expensive raw materials. By softening rather than fully melting the material, researchers created defect-free samples with industrial-grade hardness and opened the door to more efficient manufacturing.

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Exchange interaction
Electrons prefer parallel spins due to the quantum mechanical concept of exchange energy, which lowers their system's total energy. This preference is a result of...
Educational graphic explaining ferromagnetism, showing magnetic domains, domain walls, exchange interaction versus atomic separation, and atomic orbital shapes contributing to magnetic behavior.
The basics of ferromagnetism
Magnetism is the force that is exerted by magnets when they repel or attract each other. It is caused by the motion of electric charges....
Featured image of the introduction to skyrmions
An introduction to Skyrmions
Skyrmions are a class of topological solitons discovered by Tony Skyrme in the 1960s, he used this concept to describe how subatomic particles exist as...
Diagram of the Bohr atom model with electron orbit levels labeled n=1n=1 to n=7n=7, showing Lyman, Balmer, and Paschen series, and a spectral intensity graph in the lower left.
The Bohr atom model
The Bohr model revolutionized our understanding of the atom. It proposed electrons exist in fixed energy levels, challenging classical physics. This explained the hydrogen spectrum...
Illustration of a ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) spectroscopy setup showing a microwave signal line, ground planes, and a ferromagnetic sample on a metal substrate, with vector directions and magnetic field labels. An inset graph displays a typical FMR absorption derivative spectrum.
Ferromagnetic Resonance (FMR) spectroscopy
Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) is a powerful tool for investigating magnetism in materials. By applying a microwave field and measuring its absorption, FMR reveals details like...
Illustration of spin pumping showing magnetization dynamics in a ferromagnet (F) transferring spin current into a non-magnetic layer (N), with vectors and precession visualized, and the title "Spin pumping: An Introductory Overview".
Spin pumping: An Introductory Overview
With STT, we have seen that a current can move magnetization, but the reciprocal effect is also possible, namely the generation of a spin current...